Character Analysis of Scout

Jean Louise Finch, or Scout, is the novel's narrator and principal character. She is a unique and remarkable character who does not quite fit in, or do what is expected of young girls in 1930s Alabama. Readers will note that Scout at the end of the novel is very different from Scout at the beginning and this is because she has developed so much as a character. At the start of the novel, she is a determined, spirited tomboy; she loves wearing trousers. She spends most of her time with Jem, her brother and Dill, her friend who visits every summer.She can't bear to be reminded that she is a girl and she is often excluded from the boys' games because she is a girl. At times, being a girl makes her very lonely- she has no mother, sisters or female friends her own age. She tries to solve all problems by fighting and it takes her a long time to follow her father's advice and learn to fight with her head instead of her fists. Her bad temper is possibly her greatest flaw. She also stands out from the crowd because she is very clever. She can read the newspaper before she starts school and she can't even remember when started to read.Her knowledge of law is remarkable for her age. She is also outspoken, and this gets her into trouble with Miss Caroline on her first day at school. She is stubborn and strong-willed, and this means she clashes with people who have authority over her- Calpurnia, Miss Caroline, Aunt Alexandra. she does not disobey her father, but she certainly challenges him and tries to get around him. However, Atticus always gets around her in the end. Scout grows and develops immensely in the course of the novel.Early in the novel, she believes all the rumors that she hears around Maycomb and picks up many of Maycomb's attitudes- Boo is a phantom, Mr Dolphus Raymond is evil, black people are only ‘niggers' and Atticus should not defend them. She also learns to become more accepting of her femininity. For some, it may seem that she gives into Aunt Ale xandra's pressure to be a lady. In the final chapter, we see that the rebellious little tomboy who fights with her fists has made way for a thoughtful, wise, mature and experienced young lady.

Riath

Owen Marshall uses animal imagery of a camel to describe Mr Thorpe in the short story ‘Requiem in a Town House’. The use of this animal imagery through similes attracts and maintains the readers attention because it makes the reader sympathize for Mr Thorpe. The reader wants to read on to know why he is like an old camel, what has led to this and why he is viewed in this way. ‘Mr Thorpe stood helplessly by, like an old gaunt camel’, ‘like a camel whose wounded expression is above it all’. These examples of animal imagery from the text create an image of Mr Thorpe like an old camel.Camels are known to be large, awkward and slow moving, so the comparison to the elderly Mr Thorpe is a negative one. Camels are also often put on show at Zoos and such places where they live in small enclosures, much smaller than they are used to. The comparison to Mr Thorpe is demoralizing and dehumanizing to elderly people but also makes the reader feel compassion an d sympathy towards him as he is living in a small house much smaller than he is used to and is confined just like an old camel.The authors purpose was to accentuate the entrapment that Mr Thorpe feels in the town house. This draws the readers attention to how elderly people are treated in society, often put to the side and their opinions ignored, decreasing their value of life. Animal imagery is equally used in Disconnections to attract and maintain the reader’s interest through the alienation of old people, especially towards the elderly woman, the main character. The lady has just suffered from a stroke and the older she’s become her memory is fading. The doddery woman cannot support herself as she walks.Ever since the horrific stroke, she has become very sluggish. She is well aware of her family’s opinions of her welfare and it makes her feel self conscious about herself. The woman has to walk into a room where her family sits waiting for her to come in †Å"watch her inching her wayward leg forward, an awkward stick-clutching crab. † This metaphor illustrates how the old woman walks, awkward, and stiffly jointed like that of a crab. It also highlights her difficult daily struggle to do things that we take for granted in our own life.Animal imagery is extended throughout the text describing her movement being similar to that of a crab’s. â€Å" As I crab into the room. † Sue McCauley effectively uses animal imagery to highlight the many struggles that old people have to go through daily and how much we need to appreciate the ability we have compared to that of an elderly person. She raises the issue of alienation many elderly feel as they are excluded from society and their family no longer want to look after them, but only look down at them.Owen Marshall uses the symbolism of the couch to represent Mr Thorpe in the Town House. Symbolism of the couch is used to maintain the readers interest throughout the short tex t. â€Å"In the corner was a heavy couch that had been brought in from the farm, but wouldn't fit in the house. † Like Mr Thorpe the couch doesn't fit in the Town House; there is no place for it, the couch would get in the way just as Mr Thorpe does. â€Å"Mrs Thorpe developed the habit of sending her husband out to wait for the post. It stopped him from blocking doorways†¦ The couch is stored in the garage and is heavy solid and collects dust. Mr Thorpe ends up spending a majority of his time on the couch in his garage, instead of in his town house that his wife has forced upon him in his retirement: â€Å"as his despair deepened, he would go directly to the couch, and stretch out. † On the couch lies an army blanket and an embroidered cushion. The army blanket has been with Mr Thorpe through thick and thin. The couch is full of history and was beloved just like Mr Thorpe.Just like the couch, Mr Thorpe is useless you could say; he too does nothing but collects d ust. The garage is the only place where Mr Thorpe can feel like he isn't being crushed by the tacky Town House. â€Å"As his despair deepened he would go directly to the couch, and stretch out with his head on the old embroidered cushion. † By comparing Mr Thorpe to an old, lumpy couch this maintains interest for the reader drawing curiosity as to why the comparison is being made. The author’s purpose of using this symbol is to represent Mr Thorpe as an outcast from society.Mr Thorpe has been banished into the shadows of the Town House just like the couch is banished into the dark garage. Mr Thorpe represents everyone who feels outcast and just like another old piece of furniture in a modern Town House. McCauley, also uses the symbolism of the buttons in Disconnection as a technique to help attract and maintain the reader in highlighting the effects on how she is slowing losing her dreams on being able to look after herself and she is just yearning to live in her own h ouse.The symbolism of the buttons is helped to uncover how much the buttons mean to her and help her to stay in reality and retain her short memory. ‘The buttons are too small. Too small. They slither away from my fingers, from my clumsy finger and thumb.. ‘ The reader starts to see it’s not the buttons getting smaller, but that she is slowly starting to lose grip of her life and is starting to struggle with the simple things in life like doing up the buttons.The purpose is to show how she is losing control of her co-ordination, but not only that she is starting to lose control of her life, she has no voice and her family will be the ones that choose her future. The symbolism of the title also attracts and maintains reader. On so many levels, the reader sees how the narrator’s life is disconnected. Throughout the story we see that she is having disconnections with her family, her limbs, neurons and her memories.We learn that all she wants is her independenc e and freedom of her own home but when she gets the chance to say what she wants, her mind goes blank and she fails to make any real sense. â€Å"You were my babies’ I announce†¦. I realise I am making no sense†¦ They have no idea what I’m trying to say and even if I went on to explain they wouldn’t understand†. The reader sees that her last chance to get her only hope has been ineffective and she has lost grip of her life, and no one else will be able to have the time and care to be able to help her with her last wish.McCauley shows how the other characters in the story are aware that this not the right thing to be doing, but they are not giving her a choice they are ready to get on with their life. This method is effective as it is a strong way of attracting the reader to read on because they want to understand how old people are alienated from the rest of the world. The purpose is to show how old people in todays world really have no hope in getting their last wishes as the youth want to get on with their own life and don’t have the time to look after them anymore.

The seven domains of a typical IT infrastructure

User – The User Domain is the critical backbone of our network and we must pay close attention to user activity and shape user behavior on our network. I list this as a high priority due to the fact that it is the one that will most likely open up threats on our network from file downloading and surfing the web. My proposal for a solution for this would be to restrict web browsing to only required users. This will allow us to focus our concentration on those users, monitoring for potential network vulnerabilities.I also suggest we implement a basic training course on the proper use of sensitive data and best common computer practices. Workstation – The Workstation Domain is where we can focus our energy on maintaining a clean network. We should do nightly anti-virus scans which will report any found issues back to the IT Department. This will then allow the IT Department to track down the user responsible for infecting the network and allow us to pursue corrective actio n. LAN – For the wired portion of our network, I propose a few solutions that will help secure our network.First we will need to ensure the safety of our equipment from tampering. We should have all switches and sensitive equipment (i. e. Servers and Network Attached Storage (NAS) Devices) in a room that is locked at all times. If available, we can use a card access system to monitor employees that gain access to this portion of our network. Wireless connections open our network to potential threats. We should do everything possible to limit the number of allowed wireless devices on our network. I suggest that we enforce a policy of a primary and secondary wireless network.This would allow us to give our employees the functions they need while maintaining a secure network. Our primary network will be secured with Wi-Fi Protected Access version 2 (WPA2) and the user of a complex passphrase to prevent brute force attacks. This section of our network will have a limited number o f users allowed, with each users activity being closely monitored. The second wireless network will be an isolated network which will allow all approved employees and clients to gain outside access on their mobile devices, without compromising our network.Another step would be to implement security on the network side by locking down each switch port to a specific mac address. This will help circumvent someone from removing the cable from a computer and plugging in another device. While this doesn’t completely eliminate threats of that kind, it will lessen the chance of having an unknowing user infect our network with a virus brought from another destination. LAN to WAN – The bridge between our outside network or WAN to the internal network should be monitored closely.As mentioned in the WAN section above, we should focus on restricting access to our network to help prevent unwanted attacks. I suggest that we implement a hardware firewall on our network. A hardware fir ewall will give our network a much needed layer of security against potential threats. WAN – For this domain I suggest that we implement Virtual Private Network (VPN) servers for any of our employees or clients that are trying to access our network remotely.We should also ensure that all unused ports on our network are blocked which would help limit attacks on our network. We should approach it from the stance of what we need, not what we do not need and start our outbound firewall with all ports closed. Only open the ports that are needed to have our network function. Remote Access – The Remote Access Domain should be monitored closely with each connection and activity extensively logged. Allowing access to our network from an outside source, opens up many possible threats to our network.I suggest that we create a separate server and network for our remote access, keeping it isolated from our primary network. We could implement server and storage mirroring for both ne tworks. This would allow employees to work on projects from a remote location, or clients see the progress of project and not put our network at risk. Systems/Applications – Since the system/ application domain consists of all of a business’s mission-critical systems, applications, and data it is important to ensure that this domain is secure at all times.Failure to do so will result in large amounts of sensitive information as well as the threat of having productions cease to function. Unauthorized physical access is gaining access to a physical entity without permission. This is potentially dangerous because if an individual were to gain such access they could destroy the systems and data within the systems. This threat is centered on access to such places as data centers with a great deal of sensitive information. To prevent unauthorized physical access policies, standards, procedures and guidelines must be followed.For example, all guests must be escorted by an emp loyee at all times. Staff should immediately report any suspicious activity and question persons that do not have an employee ID or badge visible. Data loss occurs when any stored data is destroyed. This is considered the greatest risk to the system/ application domain. To combat data loss, backups should occur regularly. The backups should be stored at an off- site location to allow full data recovery in the event of data loss.

Compare and contrast the role of New Public Management in health care Essay

Compare and contrast the role of New Public Management in health care reform in Germany and the UK from the 1980s onwards - Essay Example The planning of health care reform by the New Public Management (NPM) emphasized several targets including public/ private partnerships and a concern for quality through total quality management (Thomas & Lakhani, 2006: 141). Most reforms and improvements in the health care sector were based on NPM principles and took place during the late 1980s and 1990s, which was the decade of the welfare state retrenchment. New public management principles were considered to be more appropriate for analysing health care reforms than other concepts like privatisation, though NPM emphasizes â€Å"both market-based reforms and the use of private management styles in the public sector† (van Essen, 2005: 3). Since the Second World War, two main types of health care systems have developed in Europe. Firstly the national health service type that is present in the United Kingdom, and secondly a corporatist, insurance-based type of health care system as found in Germany (van Essen, 2005: 7). Health care is not only highly valued by all individuals in society, it is also a social right. Hence, there is a requirement for equal accessibility of health care for all citizens, without exclusion. The undesirability of exclusion and market failures in financing and provision give legitimacy to state intervention in health care. Thus, in order to solve the market failures in health care and and to ensure universal, equal access, two different systems are developed in Europe. In the United Kingdom’s National Health Service (NHS), providers are mainly public organizations; for example most hospitals in the U.K. are led by the local governments. On the other hand, in the insurance-based system found in Germany, hospitals and other health care providers can be both public and private organizations. For instance, German hospitals are voluntary organizations which operate on a private basis (van Essen, 2005: 10, 12). The National

Commodity Trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Commodity Trade - Essay Example Topic Page No. Figure 1. China Imports and its Trends from year 1980-2007 5 Figure 2. China Exports and its Trends from year 1980-2007 5 Figure 3. China net trade of rice, wheat and corn, 1961-2008 6 Figure 4 China’s Grain Exports from 2008-2010 7 Figure 5 Grain Consumption in China 8 Figure 6 Global Grain Prices 11 1. Introduction: There was a time three decades ago when China had a negligible role in the world trade. However, the situation has significantly altered over the years and now the country has improved its performance and is considered as one of the largest exporters in the world. The country also imports considerably products like raw materials, halfway contributions, and others. The growth of the country in the recent years with respect to trade has created significant challenges for the other countries in the world. Demands of materials in the country has significant impacts on the other countries that has also been felt with the deceleration in China’s i ndustrial production in the middle of the 2008-2009 global economic crisis contributing to a remarkable collapse in the prices of commodities (Feenstra & Wei, 2009, p.1). In the present times, there has been a steep rise in the prices of the different commodities. Considering commodities like the grains, rise in demand has been experienced with the rising incomes in countries like India and China. Several factors associated with the trade policies of the country can be realized to have significant effects on the imports and exports of grains. The production of grains including wheat, flour, rice, and others are largely dependent on the world market that is associated with a country’s imports and exports (Ensuring the UK’s Food Security in a Changing World, 2008). The present study reflects on the emerging nations participating in the global financial markets through import and export mechanisms and thus having an impact on the commodities. In this case China has been c onsidered and grains have been chosen as the commodity for the purpose of the study on the impact of the country’s imports and exports on the commodity. 1.1. Aim of the Study: The aim of the study is to understand the impacts of the trade policies of emerging nations on different commodities considering China as the nation and grains as the commodity. 1.2. Objectives: In order to achieve the aim of the study, the following objectives have been considered: To learn about the trade policies- imports and exports- of China, considering grains as the commodity chosen for the study. To discuss about the major importers and exporters of grain. To learn about the international price of grains and their agricultural policies in the market. To try to determine the impacts of China’s participation in global financial markets through exports and imports on the grains commodity. 2. China Imports and Exports: An Overview: Over the recent years, the imports and exports of China have increased with the total value of the exports and imports being recorded as USD 2.174 trillion in the year 2007. The total value of imports has been recorded at USD 956 billion in 2007 that reflected an increase of 25 percent on a yearly average. This has been possible owing to the living standards of the citizens of the country being rising over the years (China import and export trends, 2011). The imports and trends of the country can be represented through the following graph: Figure 1: China Imports and its Trends from year

Russia's Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Russia's Economy - Essay Example Firstly, with regards to the strength that exist within the Russian Federation, it can categorically be said that the natural resource markets for oil, natural gas, and mineral extraction have provided the Russian Federation with a runaway level of economic growth during a period in which much of the remainder of the world has been mired in recession. As a direct result of the fact that the Russian Federation has untold billions of barrels of oil in on reservoirs, the potential for growth within the near future is profound. Moreover, surveys into overall levels of natural gas resources within the Russian Federation indicate that this country has the largest known reserves of natural gas anywhere in the rest of the world.1 Copious supplies of coal, iron, gold, silver, diamonds, and other desired natural resources are also found in abundance in Russia’s the vast eastern wilderness. Finally, another core strength/bright spot of the Russian economy is concentric upon the fact that the Russian Federation exhibit a very high level of educational aptitude and higher learning; doubtless the result of decades of Soviet education that adequately equipped individuals with profound levels of scientific and engineering knowledge. However, apart from the bright spots and potentials for development that had previously been elaborated upon, perhaps the greatest drawback that exists currently within the Russian Federation is contingent upon the overall level of corruption within the country. At nearly almost every level, corruption is a stifling influence which creates unknown prices and incalculable expense for companies that choose to operate within its borders. Such a constraint to foreign direct investment has significantly reduces the overall number of firms that are actively interested in developing their companies further within the

Analysis Paper 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analysis Paper 1 - Essay Example THESIS STATEMENT The lines of the poem, ‘Eating Poetry’ by Mark Strand, do not fall into conventional schemes of logical thought process; it is bizarre, yet there are layers of interpretations and intercepts that can be formed from striking metaphors, paradoxical lines and conflicting concepts inherent within the poem. With this concern, this essay intends to analyze the poem, ‘Eating Poetry’ at length and confront the idea of the poet, operating behind the poem at a comprehensive level. EATING POETRY: ANALYSIS The poem, ‘Eating Poetry’ indicates immense love of the poet, for poetry. It is expressed in a bizarre way, but there is a strong sense of desperation inherent within the tone of the poet. Poet wants to express that poetry is not always about the ability to express the meaning inherent within it; far beyond the expression and understanding of meaning of a poem, lays its real essence, the language, choice of words, its symphony and its met er. All these elements get lost and subverted in understanding the real meaning of poetry at times. A poet is able to find extraordinary ideas through looking or gazing at ordinary things. A dog or a piece of log, a bizarre and not so attractive librarian who is very much confused, can also become the subject of his poetry, being the pivot or the central thought of the poem like one in ‘Eating Poetry’ (Slaughter, â€Å"Eating Poetry†). At the outset, the poetry begins with a stark indication that it is consuming the poet entirely or it can indicate that the poet is gobbling poetry like a hungry man and ‘Ink runs from the corners of my mouth’. Next in the poem, comes the bizarre and clumsy portrait of the librarian who has nothing logical to follow through the first paragraph of the poem. It is evident that the librarian is sad and under the hue of dim light with all the oddities around the queue for poetry gets lost and cannot, anymore find a concret e expression (Slaughter, â€Å"Eating Poetry†). The presence of dogs and their coming up from the basement might irritate or make the librarian feel awkward, but then the dogs are also viewed to be the integral part of the poem. Very few poets, like the poet of ‘Eating Poetry’, would be able to include even a dog into the scheme of thought process inherent in the poetry. The description of the dogs and the metaphors used to express them are also remarkable. The blond feet of the dogs seem burning that makes the librarian feel more distressed, stamping her feet and sobbing in depression (Slaughter, â€Å"Eating Poetry†). Next, the poem reaches the height of awkwardness, when the poet starts behaving like a dog, gets down on his knees and starts licking the hands of the librarian who scream in awe and fear. And the poem ends with self evaluation of the poet as a new man who engages himself behind the librarian snarling and licking her hands, which gives him an inner joy and makes him lost himself in the darkness of the books. The transition of the poet into a dog seems quite symbolic. The loyalty and faithfulness, which can be expected from a dog often misses in a man. Therefore, there might be a clear indication from the poet’

Case study ( subject accounting theory) Assignment

Case study ( subject accounting theory) - Assignment Example The company shareholders had been complaining of airline’s image and share prices have faced a slowdown. The profits also have declined and for the second consecutive time. Problem 1: Hidden fees Ryanair required its passengers to check in online for boarding and arrive at the airport with the boarding pass. If the passenger failed to do so, he or she would have had to pay a fine of â‚ ¬70. A reissue of boarding pass invites a charge of â‚ ¬70 (Pope, â€Å"Is this the advent of a new caring, sharing Ryanair?†). Another issue with hidden fees is with the baggage standard norms and charges associated with it. Ryanair has been famous for having one of the strictest baggage allowances in Europe. The airline allows a baggage size of 55cm x 40cm x 20cm which is even smaller that what IATA standardizes as baggage allowance. Also, the airline charged a pretty high sum of â‚ ¬60 at the bag drop counters and boarding gate. Measures taken The charge for not checking in on line remains unchanged. The argument put forward by Ryanair is that if a passenger can come forth with his passport, he can check in online as well. This is one criticism that the company refuses to accept. They deny that the hidden charges are hampering company’s brand image and need to be tackled. ... Company chief says that they are actively participating in improvising on customer service and actively listening and responding. As a part of the initial steps towards better customer service, the company has reduced these charges to â‚ ¬30 at the bag drop counters and â‚ ¬50 at the boarding gate. The company also plans to put an end to hefty fines on baggage’s that weigh a little heavier or are just slightly larger. It also announced an allowance of a second carry in baggage that shall be limited by the measure of 35 x 20 x 20cm over and above the pre-existing 10 kg baggage allowance (â€Å"Ryanair Rolls Out More Customer Service Improvements†). Analysis The reasons provided for impositions for not checking online are unreasonable. People might not accept the reason that checking online is as cultural as carrying a passport while taking a flight. Technology has made online access easier. It shall be a matter of time until people get used to the idea of boarding online. Moreover, not all airlines view online check-in likewise. Until then, hefty fines on not checking in online is detrimental to company image. Strict rules on baggage size have been detrimental to company’s brand image. Complains have gone unheard over slight mismatches in size inviting heavy fine impositions. Such brand reputation goes a long way in bringing down customer count, word of mouth reputation spreads stronger and faster for factors that are unacceptable by consumers. In this view, small improvements in baggage allowances shall be welcomed but the change in consumer perception shall take long to change unless the fuss over extra handle size or extra wheels are not eliminated.

Managing across culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Managing across culture - Essay Example The aspect of culture can also be used towards supervising locally recruited employees. Samovar, Porter & McDaniel (2009) posit to the effect that understanding the mode of communication within a business culture is an asset for proper and peaceful interaction of business people and the locals. In order to excel in business, it is important to have the right cultural facts about the citizens living in a particular society. This helps business to design its strategies so that they are able to absorb the cultural shocks that may emerge in the course of their activities. Cultural shock is a concept which entails that â€Å"any move from one country to another will create a certain amount of confusion, disorientation and emotional upheaval and this is called culture shock,† (Robbins, 1993, p. 78). ... This reflective report will try to provide detailed information regarding hierarchy, gender roles, communication and relationship, greetings, and social interactions in US which can affect a business venture I intend to set in this country. A conclusion based on the findings of secondary research will be given at the end of the report. Business Culture of United States United States is the third largest country in the world and it is one of the best performing economies across the whole world. It borders with Canada, Mexico, pacific, Atlantic oceans, and Caribbean Sea and its population in the year 2007 was estimated to be 301,139,947 (Moran, Harris & Moran, 2010). There are many ethnic groups in the US and it is believed that the whites occupy the largest percentage of about 81.7% while other groups such as black occupy 12.9%, Amerindian and Alaska 1%, Asian 4.2%, and Hawaii and Pacific Islander 0.2% (Moran, Harris & Moran, 2010). Research has shown that United States has a wide ran ge of cultures hence most people who stay in America have their ancestral connections that belong to another culture. In most cases, their ancestral cultures are in Scotland, Germany and Ireland. A comprehensive analysis of cultural diversity has been done by Geert Hofstede who found that national culture has a major impact on employees’ work related values and attitudes (Robbins, 1993). He found that managers and employees vary on five dimensions of national culture namely individualism versus collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, quantity versus quality of life as well as long term orientation. According to studies, rich countries like the US are very

Lap 5 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Lap 5 - Assignment Example Jupiter has a diameter of 142,800km while the sun’s diameter is 1,391,400km. Therefore, the ratio of Jupiter’s diameter to diameter of the sun is 238:2319. Moreover, Jupiter (142,800km) is the largest planet while Mercury (4,878km) is the smallest planet thus the ratio of the largest planet to smallest planet in terms of diameter is 23800:813. The planets seem to fall into groups based on size; smaller planets seem to be in a particular group while bigger planets seem to be in a different group such as Mercury, Mars, Venus and Earth are in one group while Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune seem to be in another group. The surface composition of smaller planets in one group is rocky. Conversely, the surface composition of larger planets is gaseous and frozen gas. The two main differences are the surface composition and the size. The bigger planets also consist of rings, bringing out another clear-cut difference. Terrestrial group consists of Mercury, Mars, Venus and Earth while the members of Jovian group are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. The difference between the prediction of Bode’s rule and the actual distances is negligible with a range of 0.01-0.02. The planets include Saturn and Neptune. One of the regularities in the planetary orbits discovered by Kepler is moving of planets around the sun in the same direction and the planets having nearly similar orbital planes (Topper

Alliant health system Essay Example for Free

Alliant health system Essay From my point of view no strategy is perfectly sound. There are some or other lacking points in every strategy. In case of alliants strategy, although they have made quite advancements but in last 5yrs they have hit a few unexpected obstacles and drawbacks that has staggered their progress. alliants were only been able to lay the base. The working of alliants was facing the problem of in cordiality to the total quality management philosophy. For alliants to eliminate the problem the quality process still needs a jumpstart ,even the physicians show broader there view point, implementation of an IT system that fully supports total quality management by getting them the data and the important facts it need to have to in cooperate innovation in future in their organisation. Even the CEO wolford said that he cannot talk about any one area which is doing substantially well than its competitors. alliants were finding a problem to get plans into implementation. Even as per the statistics the unable to monitor rate was around 2% to 70%. How well have they implemented the quality strategy? Alliants thought of a new action plan to introduce total quality management with the help of quality management team with a 10 pointer action setup. This time they were determent that the implementation of plans takes up systematically. Mainly 4 area of TQM strategy were taken of well. 1) CARES+ this process was implemented all across the alliants. This helped in shifting from the traditional system of the planning to the improvement of the quality which was highly efficient. 2) EQUIP- this was an idea to give voice to the employees. They were allowed to share their point of view and give their ideas, innovations and communicate with the higher management of the organisation. 3) . Quality Improvement Teams- these teams brought the technicality and specific analytical tools to bring implementation in action. 4) . Critical Paths 3. Evaluate their information technology needs. Believed information technology (I/T) is a key in the future strength of TQM Need â€Å"expert systems – computers to help the mind† â€Å"Was a shift in focus: to patient-oriented systems rather than functional, â€Å"stove pipe† applications that met narrow departmental needs. Physicians, clinical support professionals, and administrators could share information and drive continuous improvement in service â€Å"HELP offered advice on possible diagnoses, cost-effective treatments, resource scheduling, and drug contraindications. † New I/T strategy offered significant advantages over Alliant’s existing patchwork of stand-alone systems: System worked concurrently – advice was available as patient was being treated Had the potential to improve coordination dramatically by collecting data from all corners of the hospital into a single patient-centered system 4. Would you proceed with HELP? From my point of view, yes we should proceed with HELP. As this improving the quality, saving time and even the paper. This system has helped the hospital in making the whole organisation a one working unit. This is basically a single patient orient system that has all the information about every patient who has been admitted in any of their hospital in any other area. This has eliminated the repeated data and has been proved to be more productive, efficient and well organised. 5. What would you do to make sure implementation is successful? The steps which i would take will involve

The office of The Presidency Essay Example for Free

The office of The Presidency Essay Arguing for a strong, central figure of authority in the American President, Alexander Hamilton made his feelings quite explicit in Federalist No. 70 that duplicity in regards to the Presidency is an undesirable position. For Hamilton, history was replete with examples of shared responsibility or rule-by-partnership which provoked tragic results. The lesson of history, according to Hamilton, was to avoid creating any discrepancy in Presidential authority while simultaneously preventing the President in an American Constitutional democracy from becoming an autocrat. Although Hamilton leaves little room for second-guessing on the topic of a duplicitous leader, his reasoning admits that his ideas are based on an understanding of human nature: Wherever two or more persons are engaged in any common enterprise or pursuit, there is always danger of difference of opinion [ ] Whenever these happen, they lessen the respectability, weaken the authority, and distract the plans and operation of those whom they divide (Hamilton). This assertion, of course, begs the question as to whether or not leaders, even in a Constitutional democracy must be expected to rise, at least to some degree, above the mean average of human impulse. A counter-argument of sorts is presented in Madisons Federalist No. 51, which should be examined in tandem with Hamiltons assertions. Hamiltons ideas about human nature may be evident in the extant history of the United States. Presidential authority within the constitutional democracy of the United States has posed a continuous and evolving potential threat to the integrity of a government formed by the people for the people. Whether by the machinations and ambitions of the personally ambitious and influential, or by an endemic tendency for all social systems to unify and in doing so, centralize authority, a pattern of political and judicial evolution toward Presidential supremacy is evident in the political history of America. The mounting supremacy of Presidential authority in the United States presents a profound and complex challenge for the present generation and the determination of exactly where and how the Presidents authority can be checked will prove to be of great consequence for the future of not only domestic, but international, affairs. Hamiltons suggestion that a robust and energetic leader is a desirable consequence in a democracy: Energy in the Executive is a leading character in the definition of good government. It is essential to the protection of the community against foreign attacks; it is not less essential to the steady administration of the laws (Hamilton), the potential for the dangerous expansion (and possible supremacy) of Presidential authority exists within the original Constitution. The executive authority given the President led many of the original framers to express reticence regarding the development of a new monarch. Some modern political scientists believe that this is exactly what is taking place now and has been taking place over the course of US political history: we have changed our constitutional democracy into a political democracy[ ] substituted an unwritten for a written constitution and a government of laws for a government of men. This means that the principles of the American Revolution, as the foundation of our constitutional system, have been destroyed and that we have returned to the principles of the British system. (Patterson, 1947, p. ) Such a dire pronouncement may seem like hyperbole, however, several key points contribute to this rather scathing indictment. First, there is the issue of national unity, a fact which modern communications, transportations, educational and economic systems have made unavoidable. Since 1789 the movement toward national unity has developed far more rapidly. In this respect, we have only followed the law of the life of nations, beginning in isolation, passing through confederation, and ending in unity. (Patterson, 1947, p. 6) Unity heralds a sole leader, rather than a confedaration of leaders. Secondly, the two-party political system has allowed for the centralization of political power within the congress. The powers necessary for presidential supremacy had first to be centralized in the Congress before the control of the Congress by the President would give him national supremacy. The President has facilitated this movement by urging the Congress to seize power to enact his policies into law and by making appointments to the Supreme Court. (Patterson, 1947, p. 7) The movement toward unity entails the expansion of the federal bureaucracy, which in turn, enhances Presidential authority. The tremendous growth in the functions of the national government have necessarily multiplied executive agents by the hundreds of thousands. The President cannot perform this multiplicity of services without authority and without an army of subordinates. (Patterson, 1947, p. 77) These factors, plus the politicization of the ensuing civil and legislative offices, greatly enhance the scope of Presidential authority. The fact that the President has become our political executive is not exclusively a result of the development of political parties though without a party system, or a party in the totalitarian sense, there could be no political executive. (Patterson, 1947, p. 84) Perhaps one of the most critical and complex issues which faced the framers of the United States constitution was that of how to limit the government and associated governmental beuracacy while ensuring that the Federal government retained enough power and authority to interpret and enforce the constitution itself. As Madison remarks in the opening lines of his now-famous Federalist #51, there can be no more urgent an issue, nor one which so directly confronts both the self-interested nature of the individual, but the self-interested nature of government itself: to what expedient, then, shall we finally resort, for maintaining in practice the necessary partition of power among the several departments, as laid down in the Constitution? (Madison, 1788). The partition of power is a key phrase and contains within it the seeds of Madison answer to his own opening, rhetorical question. Madison offers a direct and seemingly mandatory vision of how the partition of power should be best accomplished: The only answer that[ ] by so contriving the interior structure of the government as that its several constituent parts may, by their mutual relations, be the means of keeping each other in their proper places (Madison, 1788). This conclusion is commonly referred to as the system of checks and balances upon which the democracy of the United States is founded. Madisons observations in Federalist #51 are frank and founded upon concerns that the basic self-interests of human-beings, coupled with the leviathan power of the State pose the continual potential for dictatorship and the subversion of the constitution itself. In this light, there is an almost exclamatory tone to Madisons writing and there is, without a doubt, a tone of warning in the following, famous passage: But the great security against a gradual concentration of the several powers in the same department, consists in giving to those who administer each department the necessary constitutional means and personal motives to resist encroachments of the others[ Ambition must be made to counteract ambition. The interest of the man must be connected with the constitutional rights of the place. (Madison, 1788) In Colonial times, no mistake would have been about just what kind of encroachments of others Madison meant to illustrate: the potential of personal ambition to trump the idealism of a democratic government founded upon principles of liberty and equality. Similarly, the idea of connecting the interests of the individual with constitutional principles is an exceedingly complex idea, but one which would have been explicit, in consequence, to the Colonial framers of the constitution. Madison means no less than: all citizens of a democracy must put the principles of that democracy, its traditions, its institutions, laws, and integrity above their personal ambitions and self-interests. The subtext of this, of course, is that all mens self-interests are ultimately best-served by a government which enables them to live free and which enables them to pursue their self-interests to a point of true liberty; however, the maintenence of the constitution and the democratic state, which are, in actuality, protections against the propensity of governments to turn oppressive and hostile, must be regarded as more essential, more important than the mere personal self-interests of those who serve in government. Against this summation, Hamiltons assertion that responsibility has two aspects becomes hat much more provocative: Responsibility is of two kinds to censure and to punishment. The first is the more important of the two, especially in an elective office. Man, in public trust, will much oftener act in such a manner as to render him unworthy of being any longer trusted, than in such a manner as to make him obnoxious to legal punishment (Hamilton). What Hamilton is saying is that the concentration of power and responsibility in the figure of the President leads to a greater amount of accountability in government. By contrast, Madison viewed the American people, as a whole, as being the firewall of the democratic traditions the President was theoretically bound to serve. However, the idea that individuals in high positions of power must function both as facilitators of the democracy but also as a check against the possible tyranny of the majority is also an idea which Madison sets forth in this paper which is quite a radical idea: Different interests necessarily exist in different classes of citizens. If a majority be united by a common interest, the rights of the minority will be insecure (Madison, 1788). In conclusion, Hamiltons Federalist #70 is one of the most important political documents associated with the framing of the US constitution and forms a remarkable counterpoint to Madisons thought. Both writings represent an attempt by the framers to pinpoint the points of danger and structural weakness in both the democratic form of government and the innate nature of the citizens who comprise that democracy.

Chemicals Needed for Muscle Contraction

Chemicals Needed for Muscle Contraction The goal for this lab was to determine the conditions that demonstrate what chemicals in muscle fibers are necessary for contraction and which ones prevent muscle contraction from occurring in a simplified system in order to determine the minimum requirement for contraction. Methods In order to prepare muscle fibers, a single thread was obtained from a mass of glycerinated muscle fibers which was about 0.5 mm in diameter. The muscle was a rabbit psoas muscle in 50% glycerol (stored at -10 degrees C) obtained from Carolina Biological. In order to have an observation of what was taking place with the muscle, Nikon E400 was used. The fiber was placed on a slide in the presence of 0.05 M KCl and 0.005 M K phosphate buffer (pH 7). The first step was to detect the minimum requirement solution for muscle contraction to take place. This was done by using the following solutions: 0.001 M MgCl2, 0.001 M CaCl2, and 0.1 M ATP. The requirement was determined after observing the changes taking place when each of the solutions were added to the muscle separately, in combinations of two, and all three solutions together. After the minimum requirement was determined, chelators were used to see whether they inhibited contraction in the presence of the solution that caused contraction. The chelators were 0.002 M EDTA and 0.002M EGTA. The EDTA binds Ca ++ and Mg ++. EGTA binds only Ca++. The chelating agents enhance the solubility of magnesium and calcium and allow them to spread out of the muscle fibers. This causes the removal of the ions from the actin and myosin environment. It was important that the chelators were added before the contracting agents when inhibition was being tested. Otherwise, it would be impossible to detect any changes once the contraction has taken place; contraction is not reversible once it occurs in a simplified system. Then Solution A and Solution B were used to examine the localization of myosin and actin in the myofibrils. Solution Aà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s function was to solubilize and remove myosin in the form of monomers from its loci which is in the myofibril. Solution B had the same behavior as the actin. The Solutions were placed on the myofibril to see changes that took place and observations were made. Discussion and Conclusion During this lab, using the microscope we examined the changes that took place when certain solution were introduced to the rabbit psoas muscle fibers. The solutions caused contraction, inhibited contraction to occur, or had no effect on the sarcomeres at all. We used glycerinated myofibrils from rabbit psoas muscle which is a type of striated muscle. Rabbit psoas muscle was a good model to use for this lab since the fibers are long and straight. Also one other advantage was that there were not a lot of connective tissues connecting the muscle fibers together. This was an in vitro model meaning that experiment was completed outside the living organism. The Phase Contrast with magnification of 10X/ 40X was used during this lab to examine the slide because the cells are transparent and Phase Contrast is the best option to use in order to have a good resolution. Under a microscope the myofibers were striated and they had a repeating pattern of bands and lines. The pattern was caused by parallel organization of protein filaments within the myofibrils. In the myofibril, there are two types of filament- the thick filaments which consist of the protein myosin and thin filaments composed of the protein actin. As demonstrated on Table 1, Mg2Cl2, Ca2Cl2, and ATP were the solution used to determine the changes taking place with the muscle. All of the three solutions were placed on the slide which consisted of a thread of muscle fiber and contraction of the muscle was observed. We could tell when contraction was taking place because the fiber was short in length and it was easy to see the changes such as the shortening in length and the color change. When Mg2Cl2 and Ca2Cl2 were added individually to the fiber, nothing happened. However, as soon as the ATP was placed on changes were easily observed. ATP caused muscle contraction by itself. The sarcomeres in the muscle fiber shortened in length and the color changed from light yellow to darker yellow. However, in order to make sure this was the minimum requirement for muscle contraction, we added Mg2Cl2 with ATP and Ca2Cl2 with ATP. With the MgCl2 and ATP, the contraction occurred immediately as the solutions were added. The contraction was even faster than the ATP alone. Then ATP and Ca2Cl2 solutions were introduced and this also caused contraction. Even though the combination of the two solutions caused contraction to occur faster than ATP by itself, it was slower than the solutions of ATP and Mg2Cl2. As a result, we concluded that ATP was the minimum requirement needed for the cells to contract. All the solutions that caused contraction were not in one dimension because every component of a sarcomere was facing changes except the A band which stayed the same. The I bands, the M line, the Z lines, and the actin and mysosin- they were all decreasing in length in order to cause contraction. At the end, it was determined that ATP was the requirement for glycerinated muscle contraction. When there is no ATP present, the myosin heads in the muscle will not be activated and it would not bind to the actin. In glyceri nated tissues, the combination of KCl and MgCl2 with ATP increased the strength of muscle contraction. This was mainly due to myosinà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s high affinity for these ions. Table 2 shows whether contraction was inhibited in the presence of chelating agents, EDTA and EGTA, when it was used with the main solution that caused contraction, ATP. EDTA and EGTA did not inhibit contraction from taking place, but the contraction was slower than when ATP was present. EDTA is a chelating agent that binds Ca++ and Mg++ and EGTA is a chelating agent that binds Ca++. The chelating agents increase the solubility of Mg 2+ and Ca2+ so that they can leave the muscle fibers. With ATP and the chelating agents, contraction occurred and there was no inhibition taking place. Table 3 shows two different solutions, Solution A and solution B, and their effect on actin and myosin. As shown in the table, solution A had KCl, phosphate buffer, Na pyrophosphate, and MgCl2 while solution B had phosphate buffer. Both of these solutions did not cause any contraction in the muscle based on our observations. However, changes were observable because in both cases the fibers changed color; they became lighter yellow. This meant that the muscles were not contracting. Solution A made the mysosin more soluble and solution B acted in the same manner as the actin. When comparing the muscle in living tissue, the glycerinated muscle system is different. The glycerination technique eliminates ions and ATP from the tissue and disrupts the troponin/tropomyosin complex. When the complex is interrupted, the available binding sites on the actin fibers are no longer blocked ( Cell and Molecular Biology). As a result, Ca2+ is not one of the requirements to cause contraction. On the other hand, since there is no ATP is in the glycerinated tissue, the myosin heads cannot be activated to cause contraction. After the muscle contracted it did not relax since there were no opposing muscles to pull it. Also, muscle fibers do not contract when there are no stimulations or nerve signals and this was one of the differences with glycerinated muscle and the living cell muscle. Errors could have occurred in this lab if one used very thick muscle strands. Having thinner strands were better to have good results. Also, it is possible that much of the calcium was still in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the glycerinated muscle, which would have lead into incorrect results. All in all however, the lab was successful and we have obtained what we were looking for- what solutions cause contraction, which ones inhibit, and what is the minimum requirement for muscle contraction.

juvenile delinquency :: essays research papers

Can more than one theory be used to explain crime? Absolutely. From a liberal viewpoint, there exist two fundamental theories to explain the causal factors behind juvenile delinquency. Those theories are Social Deviance Theory and Developmental Theory. Young people become socially deviant by non-conforming. They become juvenile delinquents, and turn against the very system that is trying to help them. Society has made many laws and many standards have been set. The social deviant does not follow those rules and regulations. He/she lives a life of crime instead. An overview of approaches explains deviant behavior. Social Deviance Theory can be further broken down into five theories including anomie, differential association, social control theory, conflict theory, and labeling theory. Social Deviance Theory is an important explanation in the theory of crime. Without this explanation, it would be impossible to explain a great deal of the factors involved in juvenile delinquency. Socia l Deviance Theory and Development Theories are the umbrellas under which other theories used to explain juvenile delinquency fall. Depending on the criminal and the type of crime committed, different theories are used. Youth violence in our country has risen dramatically in the past decade. The number of violent arrests of youth under the age 18 has increased dramtically: 36 percent between 1989 and 1993, more than 4 times the increased reported for adults. During that period, juvenile arrests for homicide increased by 45 percent, while adult homicide arrests increased by only 6 percent (FBI, Uniform Crime Reports, 1994). Among teenagers 15 to 19 years old, the escalation of gun violence is particulary alarming: one of every four deaths of a teenager is attributable to a firearm injury. The number of juvenile violent crime arrests will double by the year 2010 if current arrest and population trends continue. Can our communities bear another 260,000 such arrests each year?

Tintern Abbey: Summary Essay -- Literary Analysis

Tintern Abbey: Summary William Wordsworth reflects on his return to the River Wye in his poem â€Å"Lines: Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey on Revisiting the Banks of the Wye During a Tour†. Having visited Wye five years prior, he is familiar with how enchanting the place is. He describes the natural wonders of the Wye, which travels past Tintern Abbey, a medieval abbey in the village of Tintern, which is in Monmouthshire, Wales. This Cistercian Abbey was founded by Walter de Clare, Lord of Chepstow, on May 9, 1131. The abbey thrived, with many buildings being added, until it was dissolved by King Henry VIII in 1536. Wordsworth describes his journey through the abbey saying, â€Å"†¦Thoughts of more deep seclusion; and connect / The landscape with the quiet of the sky† (Wordsworth 7-8). This connection between peaceful solitude and nature is the fore-conceit which he reiterates through the poem, naming the feeling â€Å"sublime† (Wordsworth 37). The abbey and Wye are â€Å"The guide, the guardian of my heart, and soul / Of all my moral being† (Wordsworth 110-111). For Wordsworth, Tintern Abbey and Wye are more a blissful paradise than simply a location. This place he is writing about gives him a sense of freedom and self-awareness, which he illuminates by writing â€Å"Lines† in free verse form. In his book on his analysis of Wordsworth’s work The Landscape of Memory, Christopher Salvesen says, â€Å"The calm, the seclusion, is the important feature; †¦ [the] memory of such a spot will at least be a reassurance in human time† (Salvesen 157). Clearly Wordsworth finds comfort in revisiting Tintern, but he does not describe why he enjoys this seclusion from in â€Å"Lines†. Personal Influences Wordsworth was born on April 7, 1970, as the second son of h... ...ic Tradition in English. New York: Penguin, 2001. 422. Print. Mahoney, John L. William Wordsworth: A Poetic Life. New York: Fordham UP, 1997. Print. Oxford English Dictionary. Web. Accessed May 2012. . Perry, Marvin. "Era of the French Revolution." Sources of the Western Tradition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2006. 67-69. Print. Salvesen, Christopher. The Landscape of Memory: A Study of Wordsworth's Poetry. Lincoln: University of Nebraska, 1965. 157. Print. Thomas, Jeffrey L. "Tintern Abbey." Tintern Abbey. 2009. Web. Accessed May 2012. . Tillery, Tyrone. Claude McKay: A Black Poet's Struggle for Identity. Amherst: University of Massachusetts, 1992. Print. Wordsworth, William. Lines: Composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey on Revisiting the Banks of Wye during a Tour. 13 July 1798.

Modern education Essay -- essays research papers fc

During the past few decades we have seen a shift from Industrial work to Information technology work. Recently our country has just recovered from an economic depression. This depression was a â€Å"wake up call† for many people, as they saw highly educated professionals loosing their jobs. Why, were these educated people loosing their jobs?—Did they break the rules, not get along with their bosses, or loose their cool? No, they did not have the flexibility, versatility, and cooperative skills that are needed in business for a changing economy. They were educated in a time when liberal art educations, and individualized work skills were taught at colleges. Layoffs were also due in part to the globilization of the economy. Cheaper labor can be found in other countries, which results in the closing of American factories or a drastic cut in pay for workers. Corporate downsizing, atomization, and an aging population have also contributed to this change in the type of work available (Rifkin 177). As most Americans used to be in the same economic bracket regardless of their line of work, today a worker’s real competitive position in the world economy depends on what kind of job they have (Jacobus 253). Education is the key to creating the worker’s demanded from businesses today. In aviation and other workplaces today, employers are not only looking for highly skilled workers, but for people who are flexible, work well with others and have good problem solving skills. Colleges must implement new teaching approaches and offer specialized degrees now, to prepare students for the needs of employers in the information-technology age. A workers must be flexible to be able to change and grow with the economy and the needs of employers is very important in today’s job market. â€Å"With corporate downsizing and restructuring so prevalent, employers are demanding more of their employees. They must be more versatile and multi-task oriented (Schmiedl 29).† Employees must be able to move from one job to another, and learn new tasks quickly. The more education they have the easier it is to adapt to these changes (Carnoy 123). Continuing education is also becoming more prevalent for today’s workers. To stay at the top of their fields in knowledge and technology, employees must constantly be up-dating their education (Schmiedl 29). Flexibility also ties in with the skill of worki... ...ooner it will trickle down into elementary and secondary schools. Thus making cooperative learning a part of students lives earlier, so they will sooner adjust to it’s style. College professors must implement cooperative learning now, to teach flexibility and working well with others. This change is imperative not only to the success of workers but the entire economy. Workers with out these skills are at a serious disadvantage in getting jobs, and keeping them. Works Cited Carnoy, Martin. â€Å"The Changing World of Work in the Information Age.† New Political Economy 3.1 (1998): 123-129 Jacobus, Lee. â€Å"Why the Rich Are Getting Richer and the Poor, Poorer.† A World of Ideas. 5th ed. Boston: Bedford Books, 1998. 251-267. Johnson, David Johnson, Roger Smith, Karal. â€Å"Cooperative Learning returns to College† Change 30.4 (1998): 26-36 Rifkin, Jeremy. â€Å"A Civil Education for the Twenty-first Century: Preparing Students for a Three Sector Society.† National Civic Review. 87.2 (1998): 177- 182 Schmidl, Joe. â€Å"Changing the Face of Higher Education† Pacific Business News 35.19 (1997): 29 Walker, Lorenn. â€Å"Hands-On Learning will Produce better Problem Solvers† Pacific Business News 33.20 (1995): 27

Ethics †Morality Essay

Ethical relativism is a view on morality stating that there are no universally accepted moral principles. Morality varies from one culture to another and no society has the right to impose their view of morality on other societies. Ethical relativism can be summed up to mean that morals are derived from what is culturally acceptable in any given society. ER is made up of two theses. The first is the diversity thesis, which simply says that moral practices are diverse across cultures. Ruth Benedict defends this theory by using homosexuality as an example. She explains how homosexuality was accepted and even encouraged in many cultures throughout history, like ancient Greece, but denounced in others. More evidence for the diversity thesis can be found in burial practices. Ancient Greeks honored their dead by burning the bodies. Similarly, Callatians showed respect to their dead by eating the bodies. However, both cultures were extremely offended when asked how much money would be required to institute the burial practices of the other. These examples clearly illustrate the vast differences in morality from culture to culture. ER’s second thesis is called the dependency thesis. It states that there is no objective standard by which to judge morality. Westermark defends this theory by saying that ethics is a learned set of behaviors instilled in every human at a young age by his or her surroundings. As a young person, we pick up on â€Å"right† and â€Å"wrong† by learning from those around us what is culturally acceptable. The ultimate source of morality, according to Westermark, is sympathy. This â€Å"gut feeling† of right and wrong is the only scale of morality each person has. Pojman has found many discrepancies in the theory of ethical relativism. Since ER says that no cultures view of morality can be criticized, we ought to be tolerant of all cultures. The problem is that tolerance would then be a universal moral principle, which ER says doesn’t exist. In fact it would be just as acceptable for a culture to be intolerant since morality is relative. Thus ER is logically inconsistent. This inconsistency makes ER inapplicable to solving conflicts between cultures, since each can be viewed as being morally right in any action by their own definition. Pojman also explains how any social reformers, like Martin Luther King Jr. , would inherently be wrong by going against the societal majority (i. e. those that determine morals). ER also implies that mass opinion is infallible, thus making a brutal dictator such as Hitler morally justified. The challenge of the ring is a hypothetical question posed to Socrates by Glaucon in the 5th century BC. Glaucon introduces a mythical ring that turns its wearer invisible. Glaucon says that every person, even the seemingly most moral, would use the ring to his or her advantage even at the detriment of others. His argument is based on the fact that the only reason people don’t live fully unjust lives now is fear of repercussions. Under the stipulation that one can never be caught, the fear vanishes one becomes immoral. Socrates responds by asking if injustice really does pay. His point is that by one’s own definition of success, one may or may not use the ring. For example if success is defined by a man as being scrupulous, he wouldn’t use the ring because ultimately it doesn’t lead to happiness for him. In contrast, the man who defines success by wealth would use the ring. Socrates says that to do injustice is to scar ones â€Å"soul,† which is equivalent to the modern word â€Å"character. † Both sides of the ring argument have merit. For the majority of the population I believe Glaucon is right, they would use the ring. However, some define happiness differently, and for them the ring is of no use. Friedman’s argument on corporate social responsibility is that it doesn’t exist. According to Friedman, a corporation’s only goal is to increase profits infinitely while staying within the realm of the law. He states that a corporate executive is merely an employee of the shareholders and his or her job is solely to increase return to the shareholders. If an executive were to be â€Å"socially responsible† and donate money to a charity, it’s an unauthorized distribution of shareholder funds. Thus being socially responsible is simultaneously being morally irresponsible. The burden of social responsibility should be placed on individual consumers. If they don’t like the policies and practices of a certain company they have the option to not buy the product or not invest in the company. The divine command theory makes a single differentiation between right and wrong. Simply, according to DCT, morally right means commanded by God and morally wrong means forbidden by God. This theory is highly criticized and many philosophers would say it has been refuted for thousands of years. The main criticism comes from Socrates and Euthyphro. The question is whether what is right is right because God says so (DCT) or does God say it’s right because he sees that its right (theory of natural law). Option one is quickly dismissed by Euthyphro because it implies quite a bit of arbitrariness. For instance, in the very beginning all actions were morally equal until God starting commanding and prohibiting certain ones. If God loving something makes it right, what reason is there for God wanting us to do right? If God commanded adultery, adultery would be morally right and obligatory. Option two means that there is a standard of morals independent from God’s own will. This contradicts the divine command theory’s basic component that commanded by God is right and prohibited by God is wrong. -Reason, Morality, and Public Policy: Classic and Contemporary Readings in Philosophy by: G. M. Brown, Ph. D.

Can Adversity Do Anything but Harm Essay

Is adversity a road block in your life? Your subconscious may be part of the problem. Adversity can easily hold you back from being successful in business, relationships, career and the enjoyment of life itself. There’s no doubt that everyone encounters some form of adversity in their life. Some even face this condition very early in life or at a young age. However, the failure to take action early on will only intensify the negativity. So whats the secret to virtually eliminating adversity in your life? This certainly deserves an answer that makes sense for anyone. And believe it or not, it start’s with you. If you believe you’ve never encountered adversity or that you never will, I hate to burst your bubble. However, there is no human being nor creature for that matter that has not been in the path of adversity or is maybe facing an adverse situation right at this moment. Do you think that the zebras grazing on the plains of the Serengeti in Africa don’t face adversity every day of their lives? It may not be adverse fortune, but it is stressful and continually a difficult challenge for them to stay alive. Adversity or â€Å"the lions† who prey on them are what lie in their path. Even if a single zebra is one of the lucky ones to live their life in a zoo, instinctively, they are always cautious and wondering where that next lion will be coming from. Yet, are they truly more fortunate to be living in a zoo or are they being removed from everything else that life has to offer them? -Roaming the plains, exploring and expanding their territory, raising their young, learning survival skills so future generations will be more prepared? Does it instinctively and consciously harm them? While people are not generally being hunted like the zebra, we do encounter the face of adversity in many sectors of our daily lives. At work, sometimes at home, from friends, acquaintances, associates, fellow workers, bosses, and even in public places such as restaurants and department stores. How you interpret, decipher and sub-consciously handle the adversity when it’s coming at you determines how you move forward -or don’t. While we all encounter adversity, there are some who seem to encounter more than others. For some, adversity begins on a low and later grows to immeasurable levels. Those entering the workforce for the first time can face tremendous amounts of adversity. However, those who have trained their sub-conscious can handle anything thrown at them. Others will fall prey. In one of my recent newsletters that I send to my Sales Associates every week, I talked about how in life you need to â€Å"do it right†. And what I mean by that, is staying focused on what you need to do to survive and thrive in life and career. Unless your name is Tarzan, and you live in a hut and eat fruit from trees, you’re part of modern society and civilization. And let’s not kid ourselves, life is a challenge. However, depending on how you tackle each and every day determines the level of adversity you absorb. I don’t believe as a person we can completely eliminate or rid ourselves of adversity, but 99% of it can be easily dealt with by teaching your sub-conscious how to react. I believe everyone has a blueprint for how they achieve success and avoid adverse situations. The life of a successful and accomplished person understands the mind-set they require to continually advance themselves. You too can understand the necessary mind-set that will set you to new heights. This may sound silly or rather a simple technique. But it works so effectively, you may even surprise yourself. Your mind also brings forth it’s best results when it’s resting on positive thoughts. So try this every single night just before bed. Only if you challenge yourself will you start to see results. A successful person does certain things each and day that brings them more and more success and wealth. You need to unveil your blueprint so you too can understand your failures and/or success. Have you ever wondered how certain people can prevail in even the worst of situations? Is it constant faith and continual motivation that makes them thrive? I believe a little bit of faith goes a very long way and certainly motivating yourself is a necessity. However, start by training your sub-conscious and you’ll have amazing results. I also find it’s advantageous when you take a disappointment in your life and then use that to motivate yourself to a greater degree of success. Many â€Å"fear† embarking on a new endeavor, a new career and even a relationship simply because they fear of failure. This is the one characteristic that keeps some from striding forward. Again, it’s something that starts with the sub-conscious. If you fell off the horse and fear getting back on it again, you’ll never become a good rider. Challenging adversity and teaching your sub-conscious will keep you working hard to perfect your riding skills no matter how many times you fall off. That which could potentially bring your dreams to conviction, are often drowned in the fear of failing. Fear is everyone’s worst enemy. However, taking a â€Å"leap† because of faith and belief in yourself (teaching your sub-conscious) is what will help you achieve your goals and even surpass them beyond expectations. Nothing in life comes without a little risk and some good old fashioned hard work. Just as long as you can overcome the fear, and are willing to teach your mind. Look at Henry Ford (Founder of Ford Automobiles). Though he was Chief engineer at Thomas Edison’s famous Edison Illuminating company he did not have a formal education in mechanical engineering. He grew up on a farm and got interested in mechanics at a young age tinkering with and fixing things like peoples watches. He built his first steam engine at 15. So how did he become so successful in such a short time? How did he overcome any fears he may of had because of a lack of education and skills? First he developed practical hands on knowledge of basic mechanical operations like watches and steam engines. Personally, I self taught myself about things just by taking them apart and putting them back together again. I also have a Father who was mechanically inclined so I gained knowledge just by watching him work on car engines, boilers, etc. For Ford, he had an idea and a vision on which to expand on. So he used a powerful tool at his hands. He believed in himself because he had the solution and his sub-conscious was prepared with a plan and the means to carry it forward. People listened because he had a drive to succeed and everyone wanted a part of it. So he hired people with minimal skills and offered them high wages to fine tune the concepts and make it work. He put people to work and paid them on beliefs of what the future held for the Company. The power of persuasion some may call it. Henry Ford’s fully story is certainly one to learn from. Dale Carnegie also said it very eloquently in his books which are a must read for anyone looking to succeed. Another area that defies adversity is to have passion and be passionate about what you do for a living or strive to be. For example, I feel very confident in representing the services and solutions that my companies provide. I greatly believe that the services that I represent are unique for they address the needs of every business owner. Such as reducing expenses and improving the bottom line while delivering quality of service. Having a product and service I’m proud of and believe in, allows me to remain confident, even if faced with opposition or adversity. I feel secure in knowing that my clients will be taken care of to a great degree. In my opinion, it is vital to believe in what you are offering, selling or marketing. This projects belief which provides you with a great chance of flourishing. When you have true convictions and develop your mind-set you set yourself up for amazing results. Always keep your faith, be optimistic, believe in yourself and what you stand behind and you’ll never regret a day. Be respectful of other peoples time, have integrity and manage your time effectively. Use your skills and be creative and challenge your fears. These are all part of a daily ritual that successful people carry out each and every day of their lives. If you have adversity at your door step, it’s time to stand up and make a change. Start each day with a set of realistic goals and accomplish them. But keep within your boundaries otherwise you’ll face further adversity. Emerson, Ralph Waldo once stated: â€Å"Finish each day and be done with it. You have done what you could. Some blunders and absurdities no doubt crept in; forget them as soon as you can. Tomorrow is a new day; begin it well and serenely and with too high a spirit to be encumbered with your old nonsense. † This quote depicts a quality one should acquire in order to ascertain their dreams. They must learn from any mistakes they may have made in the past and strongly push forward in what they believe in no matter the opposition. Many will give up easily in the face of adversity and never do anything about it. Even some who are given the tools to make change. For I truly believe it is how we rise from the fall that dictates our success to a great degree. Most importantly, never criticize another. Take this simple test and see if you can last. Starting tomorrow and for seven days, try not to criticize anyone nor anything. This includes not speaking negatively about anything nor anyone. See how far you get, then drop me a comment. Lincoln once stated: â€Å"Don’t criticize them they are just what we would be under similar circumstances. † Michael Sweitzer is an Expert Author in business development solutions. He currently acts as Vice President of Northeastern Sales for Merchant Services LTD -a global merchant processor and is CEO of nVision Capital Partners a business development and solutions company. Michael has serviced the hospitality sector and other commercial divisions for the last twenty plus years as a broker and consultant. He also serves as an associate for Energy Technologies Group delivering energy management solutions for the hospitality sector.

Mexicans and Discrimination Essay

Wetback, spic and beaner are a few of the words people use when talking about a Mexican. Mexican Americans have been the victim of discrimination throughout the history of the United States. Mexicans have a very big stereotype against them. One of the main reasons that they are discriminated against is because of their illegal immigration into the United States. Like many other groups Mexicans immigrated to the United States in search of a better life. Many Mexicans are left with no choice but to come to the U. S illegally because of the cost and obstacles that one has to go through to become a citizen. Because many Mexicans come to the U. S. illegally they are often forced to work physically demanding jobs for less money. Mexican Americans have a long history of experiencing nativism and racism which has resulted in a number of discriminatory conditions and consequences such as, social and geographical segregation, employment discrimination, patterns of abuse at the hands of law enforcement officials, vigilante murder and justice, substandard education, electoral fraud, exclusion from petit and grand juries, forced dislocations from their neighborhoods, voter intimidation, and language discrimination. (Galaviz 2007) Mexicans work under the secondary sector of the Dual labor market. The secondary Dual Labor market has low incomes, little job security, and little training. There are also no rewards apart from wages. Mexicans are forced to work for very low wages either because, as non-citizens, they lack options, or because they may realistically perceive themselves as â€Å"best off† here, even at very cheap wages, than they were back home. (Aponte 1990) For example, many companies offer very poor working conditions and minimum wage because they know that illegal immigrants have no choice but to accept these conditions because of their status. After the United States victory in the Mexican-American War in 1848 a forced treaty was signed. The treaty was known as Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. This treaty required Mexico to give up over half its land to the United States in exchange for 15 million dollars. Land given up by Mexico included California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo also guaranteed that Mexican citizens living in surrendered lands would be able to keep property rights and would be given United States citizenship if they remained in surrendered lands for at least one year. However, the property rights of Mexicans were ignored by the United States government and local officials. Mexicans were slowly forced from lands which their families had held for generations in many cases. Many organizations, businesses, and homeowners associations had official policies to exclude Mexican Americans. In many areas across the Southwest, Mexican Americans lived in separate residential areas, due to laws and real estate company policies. This group of laws and policies, known as redlining, lasted until the 1950s, and fall under the concept of official segregation. In many other instances, it was more of a general social understanding among Anglos that Mexicans should be excluded. For instance, signs with the phrase â€Å"No Dogs or Mexicans† were posted in small businesses and public pools throughout the Southwest well into the 1960s. Mexicans were also restricted from being jurors, even if the case involved a Mexican. Schools also discriminated against Mexican children and eventually Mexicans were made to open their own schools. Though times have changed Mexicans are still discriminated against because of the stereotype they are associated with. Many believe that all Mexicans come over here illegally and do not deserve the same rights as citizens do. Even now people believe that Mexicans should be sent back to Mexico and an example of that is Phoenix, Arizona and its Immigration Law.

Wirless Technology in the Work Place

Wireless Technology in the Workplace The utilization of wireless technology in the place of work, especially in government or public sectors has been escalating at a swift pace. There are a number of reasons behind this detonation. Adopting this technology at workplace enables an organization to benefit from uncountable advantages the technology encompasses. The benefits of using wireless technology in the workplace are measurable, significant, and clear (Seely and Duguid, 2000). Each and every day more and more sectors both in public and private are realizing these adorable benefits, not only for Information technology departments, but similarly for office based staff as well. The major advantages of utilizing wireless technology in the workplace include cost reduction and augmented productivity due to great mobility and flexibility. Expanding or installing the wireless network is easy and fast. It avoids the cost, time, complexity, as well as disruption of cables pulling through ceilings and walls. Moves, add, and transformations within an organization using wireless technology becomes less costly and timely (Paul-Lin, 2004). With this technology at workplace fewer resources are spent on reconfiguration of organizational offices. The technology is very productive when used in the workplace, as employees are able to access the required information for their respective jobs and at the time they require such information. It enables the field and remote workers to connect as soon as they reach at workplace. Since individuals stay in network connection, they are able to enter official information while moving (Paul-Lin, 2004). In this way it facilitates the productivity of employees at the workplace and thus enabling the organization to achieve their set objectives and missions to the public. Installation of wireless technology in the workplace gives the employees the freedom to move anywhere and anytime at their place of work or in a multi building while connected to the real time information (Staurt, 2002). PDA and laptop users in the workplace are able to access services of broadband internet, email as well as corporate network any time they desire to be online. Furthermore, with wireless technology application in the workplace, meeting rooms, public areas, and office space becomes extra flexible than when using wired technology. Workers can use the space in the way they choose to and whenever they require it. Hot spots are easily created anywhere an individual places a laptop (Axelrod and Cohen, 1999). Therefore, wireless technology or network provides more capacity immediately needed in the workplace. Ad hoc groups, projects teams, and others employees that might require temporary network can be contained instantly by this technology. While the individual experience of wireless technology application for work tends to be advantageous one, skilled or knowledge employees do encompass several concerns regarding its repercussion for their employers. The grave implication of this technology on an organization is alleged to be an increase in the amount of communications and information that employees have to encounter with. Few skilled employees say that they find it quite hard in determining which work related communications to focus on. Other drawbacks of using this technology in the workplace comprise the constant necessity to keep up to date with each and every latest technology, system malfunctions, and printer overuse plus associated paper wasting (Staurt, 2002). References Axelrod, R. , & Cohen, M. (1999). Organizational Implications- Scientific Frontier. New York; Free Press. Paul-Lin, B. (2004). Future Scenarios of Wireless Industry. Journal of Technology Management. Vol (9):101-128. Seely P. , & Duguid, J. (2000). The Social-Life of Information. Illinois; Harvard School of Business Press.

Advanced HealthCare Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Advanced HealthCare Management - Essay Example Although similar in scope and nature, the support team and the management team fulfill vastly different aspects and requirements. Specifically a support team seeks to enable others to perform their own work. Such teams can be specifically focused upon aspects such as strategic planning, promotion, steering committee development and quality improvement. Within such a manner, the overall goal of such a team is to promote synergy within the compliment parts of the organization that they are responsible for upholding. The main differential that exists between such a team and a managerial team is necessarily with regards to the differential of control (Buljac et al, 2013). Although suggestions are able to be made and key levels of decision-making fostered, the actual manager of control of a support team is quite limited and merely works in a symbiotic manner to promote the needs of the entity as a whole. On the other hand, management teams actively participate within the process of project and human resource development by actively engaging and providing direction to the individuals under their purview (Burns et al, 2012). A further differential that exists between management teams and support teams is with regards to the hierarchical nature that management teams necessarily reflect. Whereas a support team is usually one die mentioned all in structure, management teams can exist from the very lowest levels of management, extend into middle management, and be evidenced within the very highest levels of management within a firm. More specifically, managers within this structure have defined responsibilities that they are tasked with carrying out as a means of furthering the specific interests and goals of the individual organizations and subunits that they are ultimately responsible for. It is important to consider that although management teams are defined and behave in a manner that is relevant to their purpose, they are nonetheless

Joan of Arc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Joan of Arc - Essay Example (Lowell 28) From this time onward she received regular visitations from the archangel, and from Saint Catherine and Saint Margaret, who told her that her purpose was simply to help France. For several years she did not speak of the visions. It was only when they became more specific about what they wanted her to do that she was required to speak in order to establish her mission. From this is it obvious that her visions were not simply a method of attention-seeking, as she was in no hurry to reveal their existence until it was absolutely necessary. She lived with the voices for several years without acting upon what they told her, and was reluctant to speak of them at all. (Lowell 30) Perhaps this modesty was one way in which her authority became believable. One of the reasons Joan of Arc has become a legendary figure is that, as a French peasant girl she was able to gain the backing of the French king, and command the respect and obedience of an entire army. In 1428 the voices began to give her more specific instructions, and as a result she eventually gained an audience with Charles VII of France. (Hodges 2000) At this time, the influence of Charles VII had been steadily weakening, and this perhaps was a major factor in his decision to trust in her. Even if this is true, it is still impressive that she was able to command such influence over the French army. It is said that the Commanders of the army "supported her mostly because she was willing to aggressively fight the English, unlike the lethargic and distracted Royal Court". (Williamson 2003) Perhaps she was, initially, so firmly supported partially by default rather than due to any particular faith in her. Joan's main focus was the spiritual life of the army, and she may have bee n more a source of inspiration than of military tactics. (Williamson 2003) There are a number of cited instances where Joan herself appeared to have knowledge of events that had not yet occurred, or simply knowledge that she should have had no way of knowing. There are so many such stories that they have become part of an enduring legend that strengthens the image of Joan of Arc as divinely inspired. The fact that she was canonized after death only serves to enhance this image. The first such stories are about the incidents which enabled her to gain an audience with the Charles VII. She first went to Lord Robert de Baudricot, a garrison commander stationed near her village of Domremy, to request an escort to the king. Having previously sent her away twice, he fulfilled her third request after she accurately predicted a French defeat at Rouvray near Orleans. Next, she gained an audience with Charles VII, and he began to take her seriously after she related to him the details of a private prayer he had made several months earlier, in which he had asked God t o aid his cause. (Williamson 2003) There are many such incidents in history - Joan of Arc is said to have predicted numerous battles in which she took part, including that outside of Paris where she herself was wounded. (Williamson 2003) In matters of faith it is impossible to determine truth. One either believes, or does not. Because of this, one can say that truth is not the important factor in faith - what is relevant is the belief. In

Critical analysis of Role of Regional Trade Agreements for the Essay

Critical analysis of Role of Regional Trade Agreements for the Developments of its Member Countries - Essay Example The World Bank also cautions that RTAs improve economic development in one country and negatively impact economic development in another member.3 Therefore RTAs can facilitate uneven development among the member states. This will occur when RTAs divert trade from some member states and divert trade to others.4 This research paper provides a critical analysis of the role that RTAs play in the developments of its member states. A definition of RTA and its historical developments are examined first. The role of RTAs in member state development will be examined in greater detail with specific reference to the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and African Regional Trade Agreements and the role that these RTAs play in the development of their respective states. Contents Abstract 2 Contents 3 Introduction 4 I.Definition and Overview of RTAs 5 A.Definition 5 B.Overview of RTAs 7 II.Development of GCC States 14 III.African RTAs 19 Analysis/Conclusion 25 Bibliography 27 Introduction There are ess entially two opposing views relative to the role that RTAs play in its members’ development. ... two decades RTAs have emerged as the â€Å"defining features of the modern economy† and is largely seen as a significant influence relative to globalization.6 By the year end 2005, the World Trade Organization (WTO) had received notification of at least 250 RTAs.7 Since 1995, the WTO has received at least 15 RTA notifications each year as opposed to just 3 RTA notifications annually prior to 1995.8 The proliferation in RTAs therefore suggest that the countries engaging in regionalism have a positive vision of what RTAs can bring them in terms of development. This paper examines the perceived developmental benefits of RTAs and critically evaluates whether these perceptions are realistic. I. Definition and Overview of RTAs In order to effectively analyze the role that RTAs play in the development of its member states, a definition and an overview of the nature and development of RTAs are necessary. It is necessary to understand what RTAs are, how they function and what motivates the formation of RTAs. With this understanding of RTAs, their role in the development of member states can be examined. In other words, development will depend entirely on the developmental objective behind the formation of a RTA. For example if a RTA is formed in order to improve and develop the member states’ economy, the role of the RTA in that regard will have to be examined. If a RTA is formed for the purpose of harmonizing regional economic and security cohesion, the role of that RTA on development by member states will have to be examined. A. Definition In simple terms a RTA is defined as an agreement among â€Å"neighbouring states† in which tariffs and other trade restrictions are reduced or removed.9 RTAs are also defined as: †¦actions by governments to liberalise or facilitate trade

My position on the Civil War and an argument against it. (MOD 2 Disc Assignment

My position on the Civil War and an argument against it. (MOD 2 Disc 1) - Assignment Example From a modern perspective, slavery and the associated treatment of black people are incomprehensible and immoral. Another reason to support the Union is that it was the side of the democratically elected Abraham Lincoln (McPherson & Hogue, 2009), and held the same view as the majority of Americans (23 states as opposed to 11 Confederate states [McPherson & Hogue, 2009]). It is wrong, however, to assume that the winning side is always the right side. In every story there are several viewpoints and we cannot see everything in black and white. One of the main problems with the Union is related to the democracy point raised above. 23 states wanted to abolish slavery, but 11 states didnt. The Union encouraged ignoring the views of over 5 million people (McPherson & Hogue, 2009) in the Southern states, which is something that a true democracy could not. It is easy to say that the Union was in favour of freedom, but another type of freedom is freedom of opinion, and it could be said that the Confederacy had this taken away from them by the Unionists zeal for abolition. It is also possible to argue in favour of the Confederacy. It can be argued that the Confederate states were aiming to protect themselves; not only their way of life with regard to slavery, but also to protect their economy from the Union (McPherson & Hogue, 2009). It is also wrongly assumed that Confederacy states were the only ones that employed and imported slaves (McPherson & Hogue, 2009). It is evident that the story here is not just black and

The American Plague Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The American Plague - Essay Example Contrary to the popular perception that it belongs exclusively to the African continent, Yellow Fever is reemerging in contemporary times. Yellow Fever is a dangerous viral disease which can be fatal. An understanding of the disease’s history, causes, types, symptoms, treatment and fatality, can raise awareness about Yellow Fever and help in its prevention. Yellow Fever originated in Africa, and spread to South America, through the slave trade in the sixteenth century. Epidemics continued to plague Europe, South America, and the coastal cities of America, such as New York, Philadelphia, Charleston, and New Orleans, in the following three centuries, making it one of the most dangerous infectious diseases of the nineteenth century (Nordqvist, 2009) Yellow Fever is caused by the Flavivirus which is endemic to African arboreal monkeys. Mosquitoes serve as the primary vector for this virus. Several different species of the Aedes and Haemogogus mosquitoes, found in the tropical and subtropical parts of South America, parts of the Caribbean, and Africa,  transmit the virus from one host to another: between monkeys, between humans, and from monkeys to humans. Mosquitoes, primates and humans are the only known hosts of the flavivirus (WHO, 2012). Yellow Fever is of three types, depending on the transmission cycle. Sylvatic, or Jungle Yellow Fever, is transmitted by jungle mosquitoes, and is largely confined to monkeys. Occasionally, it is transmitted to humans, such as loggers, who enter the jungle, and is then carried by them to urban areas. Intermediate Yellow Fever is caused by semi-domestic mosquitoes, which breed both in the jungle and round houses. This results in the transmission of the virus to both monkeys and humans, and is the most common type. Urban Yellow Fever occurs in densely populated areas when the mosquitoes bite infected humans and transmit the virus to other humans (WHO, 2012). The symptoms of Yellow Fever occur in three stages. The virus i ncubates in the body of the host for three to six days, after which symptoms set in. In stage 1, the infection takes hold. This stage is characterized by headache, muscle and joint aches, shivers, fever, flushing, loss of appetite, and vomiting. Jaundice, in which there is evident yellowing of the skin and eyes, is common, and gives the disease its name. Symptoms often go away briefly after about 3-4 days, when the remission stage sets in. The majority of those affected recovers after this stage, and acquire immunity to reinfection. However, about 15% of those infected enter the third stage, which is the toxic stage. This stage is characterized by high fever and heart, liver and kidney failure. Hemorrhages of the mouth, nose, eyes and stomach can occur, leading to blood in the vomit and faeces. Seizures, coma, and delirium are other symptoms. Approximately half the patients, who enter this stage, die of the disease (WHO, 2012). The danger of Yellow Fever is compounded by the fact th at there is no treatment except supportive care. There is no cure for the disease. About fifty percent of severely affected individuals die of Yellow Fever. Treatment is directed towards making the patient comfortable, and reducing the symptoms. Fever, and other associated bacterial infections, are treated with antibiotics; blood transfusion is given to compensate for blood loss due to hemorrhage; intravenous fluids are used to treat dehydration,